Ovarian cyst prevention

Hormonal methods, nutrition and self-care

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If you have had a cyst before and worry about it coming back, it’s natural to want to know what you can do. The short answer is that some cysts cannot be prevented, but there are ways to lower the chance of some new cysts forming and to make sure follow-up happens on time.

Having a cyst is not your fault

Many ovarian cysts are linked to the normal ovulation cycle and are not caused by cold or poor hygiene. Having a cyst is not, in itself, a sign that you have done something wrong in your lifestyle.

Lowering the chance of ovarian cysts, and follow-up

This has two parts: lowering the chance of some new cysts forming, and appropriate follow-up to spot any changes.

Lowering the chance of functional cysts forming

Part one: lowering the chance of a new cyst

Functional cysts are linked to ovulation. For some people, suppressing ovulation with a hormonal method can lower the chance of a new functional cyst forming.

Knowing the symptoms and getting the right checks

Part two: follow-up on time

Because not all cysts can be prevented, it is important to pay attention to symptoms and to have the follow-up your doctor suggests, especially after a cyst has been diagnosed.

Routine screening for ovarian cysts is not recommended

For people without symptoms, routine checks for everyone to find benign cysts are not recommended. Whether follow-up is needed, and what kind and when, depends on your symptoms, your history and the results of previous tests.

Can birth control pills prevent ovarian cysts?

Combined pills may lower the chance of some new functional cysts forming, but they do not make an existing functional cyst go away sooner.

Three small views of an ovary: in the natural cycle, a follicle grows every month and sometimes remains as a functional cyst; with the combined pill, ovulation is suppressed and fewer new functional cysts may form; an existing functional cyst does not shrink sooner with the pill and often resolves on its own over time.

Older evidence showed this effect for high-dose combined pills, but studies of today’s low-dose pills disagree on how much protection they give.

The combined pill does not make an existing functional cyst shrink or go away sooner. Many of these cysts go away over time without any specific treatment.

Taking birth control pills is linked to a 30 to 50 percent relative reduction in the risk of ovarian cancer, and this effect can last for up to 30 years after stopping. These figures are about ovarian cancer and should not be taken to mean that the pill prevents benign (non-cancerous) cysts.

The pill is not right for everyone. Choosing the type of medicine and weighing its benefits and risks should be done with your doctor.

What helps prevent ovarian cysts?

May lower the chance of cysts forming

Suppressing ovulation with some hormonal methods may lower the chance of new functional cysts forming; these methods should be chosen with your doctor.

Preventive effect not proven

Special diets, herbal teas, sekanjabin (a traditional Persian syrup made with vinegar and sugar or honey), warm compresses and advice based on the “hot” and “cold” nature of foods

Good habits for your general health

A balanced diet, regular physical activity, keeping a healthy weight and managing stress all support your general health.

Even so, a healthy lifestyle does not guarantee that an ovarian cyst will not form.

Biological causes of ovarian cysts and common myths

Many cysts are linked to the ovulation cycle or an underlying condition, not to cold, food or hygiene.

Not a cause of cysts

Known causes or underlying conditions

Can diet, traditional medicine or supplements prevent cysts?

No food, herbal tea or supplement has been proven to prevent ovarian cysts.

Good for overall health

A balanced diet, physical activity and a healthy weight are good for your body, but they do not guarantee that cysts will be prevented.

No proven preventive effect

No clear preventive effect has been shown for sekanjabin, herbal teas, cinnamon, broccoli or temperament-based (“hot” and “cold”) approaches.

“Herbal” does not always mean safe

Herbal supplements can interact with medicines or may not be suitable for people with certain conditions; talk to your doctor or pharmacist before taking them.

Talk to your doctor before starting any diet or supplement

If you have an underlying condition such as a thyroid problem, or take any medicines, ask your doctor before taking a supplement or starting a restrictive diet.

Who needs a more tailored plan for prevention and follow-up?

If you take medicines that stimulate ovulation, have endometriosis or your cyst has come back, your follow-up plan should be tailored to your situation.

Taking medicines that stimulate ovulation

These medicines can cause functional cysts, which are often temporary. Ultrasound and follow-up should be done under the care of your fertility doctor.

Endometriosis

Endometriosis can cause chocolate cysts (endometriomas). The care plan focuses on managing the endometriosis itself.

A history of cysts, or cysts that come back

Your doctor sets a follow-up plan based on the type of cyst and your history and, if needed, discusses with you whether a hormonal method could be used.

How preventing cancer differs from preventing ovarian cysts

Having an ovarian cyst does not mean you have cancer, and most cysts are benign.

Most ovarian cysts are benign. The type of cyst, how it looks on ultrasound, your age and your menopausal status determine whether further tests are needed.

Combined birth control pills may lower the chance of some new functional cysts forming. They are also linked to a lower risk of ovarian cancer; even so, they are prescribed only after your situation has been assessed and the benefits and risks have been weighed.

How is an ovarian cyst different from PCOS, endometriosis and fibroids?

These conditions have different causes and symptoms, and they are followed up in different ways.

An ovarian cyst is a sac containing fluid or tissue in or on the ovary. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS, renamed PMOS in 2026) is a hormonal condition and does not mean having one large cyst.

Endometriosis can cause a type of ovarian cyst called an endometrioma, or chocolate cyst. Fibroids are growths in the uterus and are not ovarian cysts. That is why the care and follow-up plan should match each person’s diagnosis.

Frequently asked questions about preventing ovarian cysts

Can bathing or cold water during your period cause a cyst?

There is no evidence that bathing, cold water or sitting on cold surfaces causes ovarian cysts.

For most people, eating foods in normal amounts causes no problems. If you have a thyroid condition, take supplements or plan a major change to your diet, talk to your doctor.

Whether a cyst comes back depends on its type and the underlying cause. Follow-up as your doctor suggests and, in some cases, a hormonal method can be part of your care plan.

پرتره پروفسور مژگان کریمی‌زارچی
Author: Professor Mojgan Karimi-Zarchi
Gynecologic Oncologist

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